Cutting roll



Sept. 7, 1937. A CUMFER 2,092,052

' CUTTING ROLL Filed Nov. 27, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Sept- 7, 1937. H. A.cuMr-'ER CUTTING ROLL Filed Nov. 27, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 .LQTZLW /y(0mm Sept. 7, 1937. H, A. CUMFER 2,092,052

CUTTING Rom.

Filed Nov. 27, 1955 4 shee'ts-sheet 4 W n@ 33 43 f r f2 ng@ @@/40 9 @oo@ Q2-I ;/35 fr 25 27 62? Za /sf a i y,

g l o W@ 3W@ j; S

35 Q ro@ Q w; S f 20 A 3?' J0 Q ateiuted Sept. 7, i937 UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE CUTTING ROLL Harry A, Cumler, Glen Ellyn, lli.

Application November 27, 1935, Serial No. 51,853

15 Claims.

'I'his invention relates to a cutting roll and has been illustrated asembodied in a roll suitable for cutting shingle strips with a pluralityof tabs thereon. It relates more broadly, however, to an expandablecutting roll, no matter what material may be cut thereby and no matterwhat shapes may be cut.

In the use of any cutting roll the cutting blades will eventually weardown. In some instances this might be immaterial, since they can beresharpened, without detriment. However, in the case of a pattern roll,such as cutting rolls heretofore used for cutting roofing strips, wornblades must be thrown away, since wear or resharpening changes thecircumference of the roll and hence changes the dimensions of theresulting product cut by the roll. In roofing this is especially'objectionable since the decrease in circumference shortens the stripsand since the strips are laid end to end so that the errors arecumulative. Since the problem is particularly acute in connection withroong, this application will refer only to roofing, although it must beborne in mind that this reference is illustrative and that the apparatushas other uses.

If in the course of being worn and resharpened one or more times a meresixteenth of an inch were taken oi of all of the blades, this wouldreduce the circumference of the roll by over three-eights of an inch.'I'his would obviously make diilicult the calculation` of the amount ofroofing necessary for a given area and may occasionally causedissatisfaction among customers because of the short measure. A worsedifficultyfrom even slight wear arises, however, when short shinglestrips are mixed with fullsized shingle strips. In thiscase if, say, sixof each are laid end to end, the shorter in one row and the longer inanother row, the difference in length with the facts supposed, would beabout two inches or more, and, unless the shorter shingles are spacedapart, the tabs would not all lie in the desired staggered relation withthe tabs below. Furthermore, if a design is printed ona continuous webof rooilng by one roll and another roll cuts the roofing in registrywith the design, the difllculty arising from wear on the cutting roll isobvious.

The present invention solves the problem of avoiding diiiiculties due towear of the cutting roll by providing an expandible cutting roll whichmay be expanded to compensate for wear. 'Ihe roll may comprise aplurality of sections spread apart evenly, as by jointly controlledwedge means. 'I'he knives may be expandibly spliced so as not to producean irregular cut, by having the cutting edges of the knives adjacent oneanother at the overlapping portions, each knife having a single bevel atthis portion extending away from the contacting cutting edges. 5 Exceptfor the overlapping zone, the knives may lbe double-beveled, asheretofore. The invention also provides an improved means for holdingthe knives in place comprising a clamped block secured to the roll andoperated by screws bearing 10 xed portions of the roll.

Other objects and advantages of my invention will be apparent from thefollowing description, taken with the drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is an elevational view of a roll embodying 15 this invention.

Fig. 2 is a diametric sectional view through the roll of Fig. 1, andtaken approximately on a vertical plane.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary detailed view showing 20 the wedge rod of Fig. 2in an operated position.

Fig. 4 is a somewhat diagrammatic view illustraing apparatus for usingthe roll of Figs. 1 to tional views partly broken away, showing the rollrespectively in its initial and its expanded positions.

Fig. 7 is a view showing one way in which a continuous roong strip maybe cut up into in- 30 dividual roofing strips by the use of the roll ofthis invention.

Figs. 8 and 9 are fragmentary side and edge views showing the interttingof the blades of this invention in their initial positions.

Figs. l0 and 11 are views corresponding to Figs. 8 and 9, but showingthe blades partially expanded.

Figs. 12 and 13 are fragmentary side and edge views of interflttingblades where the blades ex- 40 tend in four directions from a givenpoint.

Fig. 14 is a development of the roll showing its entire peripheralsurface at one end, the other end being broken away.

Although this invention may take numerous 45 forms, only one has beenchosen for illustration. In this form the roll includes knives indicatedgenerically by the numeral Ill, mounted on holders I2, which in turn arecarried on a core I4,

the ends of which form journals le, for which suitable bearings I5 (Fig.4) may be provided. The bearing I5 may be slidable in framework I1 andadjusted by screws 24 so as to position the cutting roll 25 properlywith respect to the anvil roll 28. These rolls may be driven in any de-Figs. 5 and 6 are fragmentary vertical sec- 25V Y' cutting this samepattern ico sired manner, and feed rolls are also usually provided fordrawing the roong therethrough. The blades' III have been illustrated inan arrangement which will cut the pattern shown in A Fig. 7, but, ofcourse, the particular arrangement of the blades is inmaterial so longas the main features of the invention are present, and therefore it willbe realized that this arrangement has been chosen solely by way ofexample. Rolls having this same positioning of the blades for have longbeen known.

It may be pointed out brieiiy that the blades include thecircumferential blade Il for slitting the rooting along the line III.The arcuate and circumferentially-extending blades I8 for cutting thelines IIB, similar circumferentially-extending blades 2li for cuttingthe lines |20, diagonally-extending blades 2| for cutting theconnecting. lines I2|, and the transverse blades 22 extending axiallyfor cutting the lines |22 which sever the outer strips at their ends,and the similar blades 23 which cut along the lines |23 to sever theinner strips at their ends.

When this roll is in its initial contracted position its function is thesame as that of the conventional solid roll, and in fact the novelmanner of holding the blades in place could be applied to a solid rollwith equal advantage. The transverse blades 22 and 23 are set inaxially-extending channels 25. The blades may be anchored in thesechannels in any suitable manner, but the preferred manner is by means ofclamp plates 21 having bolts 28 therein, which butt against the side ofthe channel opposite that against which the blade is resting. Turningthe bolts 28 in the proper direction presses the clamp plates 21 againstthe blades 22 to clamp these blades in place as in a vise. The slidingplates 21 may be secured to the holder I2, as by screws 29,11? desired,the screw holes in the sliding plates through which the screws 29 extendbeing slightly oversize so `as to permit these plates to slide withrespect to the associated portions.

The blade I8 is secured in place in a similar manner, in this instancethe channel in which it is located extending circumferentially aroundthe roll. The blades I9, 2|) and 2| may most conveniently be secured bycutting wide channels 3| circumferentially around the roll and securingfixed plates 33 therein, against which the blades and movable clampplates may press. Thus, as seen in Figs. 1 and 14, a xed clamp plate 33is secured in place by screws 34, being accurately and dependablypositioned, as by dowel pins 35. The blades 2| rest against these fixedplates 33, and the blades 20 rest against the edge of the channel 3|. Asliding plate 38 may be urged against the blade 2| by a screw 39screwing in the plate 38 and bearing against the righthand side ofchannel 3|, and it may be urged against blade 20 by a similar screwacting circumferentially of the roll and bearing against a fixed plate40 (Fig. i4).

The blade I9 may be secured in place by sliding plates 4I operated bybolts 43 which in this instance screw into the ilxed plates 33 and bearagainst the sliding plates 4I, since the space available in plates 4Imay be rather limited.

The securing of the blades as above described is independent of the nextfeature to be described, namely, the expansion of the roll, except thatit should be noted that the circumferentially-extending blades are soconstructed as to tions of the circumferential blades which must' slideto permit expansion, or that portion of the blades may be groundslightly thinner.

As shown most clearly in Figs. 5 and 6, there are a plurality of holdersI2 grouped around the core I4 of the roll. In the illustrated form, eachof these holders I2 extends through 90 of the circumference of the core.Of course, this number may be varied either to permit expansion which ismore nearly uniform throughout the circumference or to bring the splits4l between the holders I2 on circumferentially-extending portions of thepattern with different patterns.

Each of the holders or sections I2 extends the length of the cuttingportion of the roll and rests on wedge bars 48. These wedge bars are sopositioned, as shown best in Fig. 6, that each one lies under theadjacent edges of two of the sections I2, and each of the sections |2bridges across two of the wedge bars I8. The sections I2 are held inplace on the core I4 by a plurality of screws 50 which extend throughthe angular center of the sections I2 and screw into the core I4. Ofcourse, when the roll is in the contracted position, the sections I2 mayrest directly against the core I4, although this is incidental andunnecessary.

The wedge bars 48 are slidably positioned in grooves 5I in the core I4and have a plurality of wedge-shaped notches 52 cuty along the bottomsides. Each of these Wedge-shaped notches engages a wedge 54 positionedin the bottom of the groove 5| and anchored therein by adownwardlyextending lug 56 fitting into a corresponding hole in the coreI4. Any desired number of such Wedges 54 and wedge notches 52 may beprovided. The wedge bars 48' extend out beyond the holders I2 and areengaged by an adjusting ring 5I which screws on the core I4, asillustrated best in Fig. 2. The protruding ends of the wedge bars 48 maybe shaped to form lugs 63 so that the ring 5I having aninwardly-extending flange 64 may move l the wedge bars 48 in eitherdirection.

When the roll is new, it will be used in its contracted position shownin Fig. 5. As the blades wear down, however, their circumference becomessmaller, with the result that the length of the shingle strips becomesshorter. In the past it has been necessary to throw away these. bladeswhen they were worn relatively slightly, since a ,1; inch wear radiallyof the roll reduces the circumference of the roll and consequently thelength of the shingles by over inch.

When it is desired to expand the roll, it is merely necessary to loosenthe various screws 50 and then turn the ring 6I clockwise so as to screwit toward the sections I2. This will push the wedge bars 48 to theright, as seen in Fig. 2, or toward the position shown in Fig. 3, inwhich position it is seen that the wedge bar 48 and its notch 52 hasridden up on the wedge 54 so that it is radially spaced from its formerposition. The result of this is seen best in Fig. 6, in which it is seenthat the radial displacement of the wedge bars 48 has thrust thesections I2 radially outwardly with the inevitable result that they haveseparated circumferentially.

It is, of course, necessary that the circumferentially-extending bladesbe lengthened by a corresponding amount. In order to permit this, theseblades are spliced or overlapped as seen best in Figs. 9 and 10, whichmay be taken as illustrating the blades 4i and 23, although, as seen inthis figure, the blade 4| really comprises two parts 4Ia and 4Ib. Inorder to understand this figure, it should first be noticed that all theblades are of the double bevel type having the cutting edge at thecenter of the blade and being beveled therefrom on both sides.

As seenln Figs. 9 and 10, the blade 4Ia. has an extension 1i, and theblade 4Ib has an extension 12, each of these extensions being anextension of only half of the blade, but the two overlapping halvesforming in eifect a double-beveled blade. In other words, the cuttingedges of the two extensions 1I and 12 are in contact, and one extensionis beveled on one side and the other on the other side. When the roll isexpanded, the blades 4Ia and 4Ib are drawn away from one another, sothat these blades have a smaller overlap. In other words, the extensions1| and 12 slide with respect to one another, forming the gaps 14 attheir ends. Inasmuch as the cutting edge is along the center of theblades, it will be observed that this cutting edge is continuousthroughout the length of the blade 4Ia and the blade 4Ib.

When two blades meet at an angle, it isk desirable that their cuttingedges substantially meet, and hence' it has been the practiceheretofore, in some instances, to undercut one of the blades, as at 16in Fig. 12. so that its cutting edge may extend over the adjacent bladeto meet its cutting edge. With the present construction this is avoided,as shown in Fig. 11, by placing the square cut blade 23 at the end ofthe double portion of one of the blades, i. e., between the extension 1Iand the corresponding portion of the blade IIb. The blade is, of course,clamped in this position by the clamp members illustrated in Fig. 1, andhence when the blades 4Ia and 4lb partially separate, the blade 23remains firmly in position, as shown in Fig. 11.

Where blades are extending in four directions from a given point, as atthe center of Fig. 1, and as shown in Fig. 13, one of the blades may besquare cut and extend to the center of the blade extendingperpendicularly thereto, while the other blade may be undercut asheretofore. This cornbination is shown clearly in Fig. 12, although itshould be realized that the blades are shown slightly spaced apartmerely for the sake of clarity, since they would ordinarily be incontact.

In order to permit a smooth sliding action, the outer faces of the wedgebars 48 and the corresponding fitting portions of the holders l2 shouldbe plane surfaces perpendicular to the radius extending through themiddle of the wedge bars 48 from the center of the core I4. Likewise,the bottom surface of the blade 4 la and similar blades (as 20a in Fig.6), should be along a plane perpendicular to the radius between theadjacent holders i2, as shown, and the portion of the adjacent holder onwhich it slides should be on the same plane. In short, all membersshould be so shaped as to permit expansion of the roll withoutinterfering with the support of its parts.

After expansion the periphery of the blades will not form a perfectcylinder, but if the expansion is made often enough, so vthat it may bevery slight each time, the action will be satisfactory, nevertheless.There is commonly a layer of asphalt and granular surfacing material onthe roofing on its side farthest from the cutting roll, and since it isnot necessary to out entirely through this layer, considerable toleranceis provided. However, whenever necessary, the blades may be ground downeither ,/on the roll or by taking them off. l

In some instances it will be unnecessary to provide the overlappingjoints between the knives, since small webs left by a gap between theknives can be severed easily in subsequent handling of the rofing,especially when a frayed edge would not be objectionable.

Although but one embodiment of my invention is herein shown anddescribed, it is to be under.

stood that I am not limited thereby, but limit my invention only by thescope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A cutting roll including a plurality of sections, means for spreadingsaid sections radially, and knives carried by each section, the knivesof one section overlapping with vthe knives of an adjacent sectionwhereby 'a continuous cut is made after expansion of said roll.

2. A cutting roll including a plurality of seci tions, means forspreading said sections radially, and knives carried by each section,the knives of two adjacent sections overlapping and having their cuttingedges substantially in contact.

3. A cutting roll including a plurality of sections, means for spreadingsaid sections radially, and knives carried by each section, the knivesof two adjacent sections overlapping and having their cutting edgessubstantially in contact, said knives being beveled on each side of thecutting edge except at the overlapping portion and there each beingbeveled on one side and thus forming in'their contracted position acontinuous doublebeveled knife.

4. A cutting roll including circumferentiallyextending expandible knivesoverlapping with one another and having their cutting edgessubstantially in contact.

5. A pair of expandably associated knives for cutting a continuous lineoverlapping at their ends and havingtheir cutting edges in contact alongthe overlapping portions.

6. A cutting roll including a plurality of sections, and knives carriedby each section, means for spreading said sections radially comprising aplurality of independent wedge means and means for causing a uniform andsimultaneous operation of said various wedge means.

7. A cutting roll including a core, spaced wedges on said core, wedgebars riding on said wedges, means for moving said wedge bars, sectionssecured to said core but separable therefrom by said wedge bars andknives secured to said sections and extending partiallycircumferentially.

8. A cutting roll including a core, wedges on said core, wedge barsriding on said wedges, means for moving said wedge bars, and sectionssecured to said core but separable therefrom by said wedge bars, each ofsaid sections bridging across two of said wedge bars.

9. A cutting roll including a core, wedges on said core, wedge barsriding on said Wedges, means for moving said wedge bars, and sectionssecured to said core but separable therefrom by said wedge bars, each ofsaid sections bridging across two of said wedge bars, the outer surfaceof said wedge Vbars being perpendicular to a radius of said core passingtherethrough and the surfaces of said sections engaging said bars beingparallel to said outer surfaces of said bars.

10. A cutting roll including a holder portion having an abutmentthereon, a blade resting against said abutment, and a clamp blockresting against said blade, said roll having a second abutment facingsaid flrst abutment, and a screw screwing into said clamp and bearingagainst said abutment, or vice versa.

11,- A cutting roll including a plurality of knives disposed around saidroll, and means for clamping said knives firmly and while holding themshifting said knives radially to compensate for their wear.

12. A rotating cutter including a rotating shaft, a knife, a holderforrmly securing said knife supported by said shaft, and means forshifting said holder radially away from. saidv shaft with a movementuniform all along the length thereof.

13. A cutting roll including at least three sec-n tions radiallymovable, means to move said secspe-2,052

tions radially, and a circular knife extending around said roll and madeup of at least three sections, one on each roll section.

14. A circular knife including at least three parts separate from oneanother to permit expansion of said knife and forming a circle whenplaced in alinement.

15. A pair of expandibly associated arcuate knives jointly forming anarc for cutting a continuous line from the rstA end of one blade to theHARRY A. CUMFER.

